The Girl Generation: Support to the Africa-Led Movement to End Female Genital Mutilation Programme – Endline Evaluation Report for Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, and Somaliland

Abstract

This consolidated endline evaluation report assesses the impact of The Girl Generation: Support to the Africa-Led Movement to End Female Genital Mutilation (TGG-ALM) programme, implemented from 2022 to 2026 across Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, and Somaliland. The TGG-ALM programme, led by a consortium including Options Consultancy, Amref Health Africa, ActionAid, Orchid Project, and ACCAF, aimed to accelerate the abandonment of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) through multi-level, community-driven interventions. These included community dialogues, youth engagement, support to grassroots organisations, advocacy, and institutional integration, with a strong focus on shifting social norms, increasing knowledge, and empowering girls and women.The evaluation, conducted by the African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC) and Population Council, employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative community-based surveys and qualitative research across diverse contexts. Findings indicate that exposure to programme activities was consistently associated with increased FGM-related knowledge, stronger opposition to FGM, greater agency to oppose the practice, and more favourable attitudes and intentions toward abandonment. However, progress was uneven: while individual knowledge and attitudes often shifted early, deeper gender norms and collective social expectations proved more resistant, especially in highly conservative or underserved communities.The report highlights the importance of context-sensitive, gender-transformative, and sustained approaches. Key lessons include the need for broader community reach, adaptive programming to address evolving forms of FGM (such as Sunna and medicalisation), and the critical role of trusted community leaders, youth, and survivor advocates. Recommendations emphasize strengthening programme measurement, coordination, and diffusion networks in the short term, and embedding FGM prevention within education, health, and grassroots systems for long-term, sustainable change. The evaluation underscores that lasting abandonment of FGM requires moving beyond one-size-fits-all models to tailored, locally-led strategies that address both individual and collective drivers of the practice