Single Motherhood and Stress in a Kenyan Slum: The Importance of Paternal and Kin Support

Abstract

This study examines factors underlying single mothers' stress in an African slum. Using survey data from 1,221 mothers in a Kenyan informal settlement, this study examines 1) whether single mothers experience more stress due to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics; 2) whether financial and child care support from kin offsets limited support from fathers; and 3) whether variation in the type and source of support explains stress differentials across marital status. The results suggest that lower socioeconomic status does not explain single mothers' elevated stress. Rather, despite receiving greater assistance with child care and financial support from kin, single mothers receive substantially less support of either kind from the child's father. These differences in support, particularly financial assistance, account for single mothers' elevated stress. These findings highlight the comparatively weak social support available for single mothers residing in precarious urban environments and its importance for their psychological well-being.